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CASE REPORT
Year : 2019  |  Volume : 10  |  Issue : 2  |  Page : 155-158

Primary plasma cell leukemia in a 55-year-old Nigerian woman


1 Department of Haematology and Immunology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital; Department of Haematology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
2 Department of Haematology and Immunology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Helen Chioma Okoye
Department of Haematology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu
Nigeria
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/atp.atp_5_19

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Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and an aggressive disease, accounting for only 2%–3% of all plasma cell dyscrasias. Diagnosis is made by the presence of more than 2 × 109/L plasma cells in the peripheral blood or monoclonal plasmacytosis more than 20% of the plasma cells in the peripheral blood. PCL has limited treatment options comprising of the conventional multiple myeloma (MM) treatment drugs and a very poor prognosis. We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with a history of high-grade fever, generalized weakness, petechial rashes, and transfusion-dependent anemia of about 3 months' duration. Peripheral blood film revealed moderate leukocytosis with 30% plasma cells. Bone marrow aspirate also showed significant plasmacytosis. Immunophenotyping confirmed peripheral blood plasmacytosis. The patient initially responded to chemotherapy but succumbed to the disease.


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